Information Contacts: Wafula Mifundi and Mahinda Kasereka, Goma Volcano Observatory, Departement de Geophysique, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, D.S. Ten eruption vents were visible on the evening of the 29th, on the new second platform. They reported that the surface level of the lava lake in the summit crater remained the same as in 1996 (the last time it was measured), ~300 m below the crater rim, 120 m below what is considered to be the critical level. Bukavu, DR Congo; MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. Another major eruption of the volcano began on 17 January 2002, after several months of increased seismic and fumarolic activity. Information from observers monitoring Nyiragongo is intermittent and difficult to obtain because of ongoing difficulties related to securing funding for the observatory in Goma. Located magmatic and HF earthquakes tended to be distributed to the E of Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo, at depths of 5-15 km. By 28 January seismicity had decreased and earthquakes were not large enough to be felt by the population. Following a magnitude 5.2 earthquake in the Virunga region on 5 August, scientists from the Goma observatory visited Nyiragongo on 14-15 August. Information Contacts: U.S. Dept. 2014: January Observations of fumarole openings had been reported by residents in the Mutwanga district. Between 1400 and 1620 fractures approached the outskirts of Goma and began to form a line of vents SE of Monigi village only 1.5 km NE of Goma airport (see figure 15, including points labeled 1610 and 1620). of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/). On 13 November, a plume that may have contained some ash was emitted from Nyiragongo and seen on satellite imagery. It included both type-C long-period (LP) events and tremor, which persisted after the February-March 2001 eruption of Nyamuragira (BGVN 26:03), 15 km NW of Nyiragongo, and had increased gently over the rest of the year. Seismicity was generally low, characterized by a few long-period earthquakes located up to 15 km deep along the large fracture connecting the Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo. During the first four days of the eruption, speedboats transported relief workers between the E and W parts of Goma. Pottier Y, 1978. Ein Lavastrom zerstörte mehrere Dörfer und floss schließlich durch die Stadt Goma in den Kiwusee. Several of the photos provided by Wafula captured these fires, including a devastating fire at a fuel depot, which accompanied an explosion that was widely discussed in the news. A series of plumes were noted, several to estimated altitudes of over 5 km. During June 2018-May 2020, the volcano exhibited strong thermal signals primarily due to the lava lake, along with incandescence, seismicity, and gas-and-steam plumes (BGVN 44:05, 44:12, 45:06). As many as 350,000 people fled from the advancing lava, principally towards nearby Rwanda to the E. After two days the majority returned to Goma, despite hazards from hot lava and burning materials. On the morning of 17 July the ashfall had ended and only a white plume exited the crater. An ash plume extended ~ 75 km SW at ~ 5.5 km altitude on 8 June. which took place at an average of 20 days. They are distributed in a circle, 320 m in diameter. A field survey was conducted on 3-4 March where an OVG team observed active lava fountains and ejecta that produced Pele’s hair from the small eruptive cone (figure 73). Der Vulkan Nyamuragira, der 2011 zuletzt ausbrach, befindet sich 13 Kilometer nördlich. No new message from Goma observatory since early May." About 1/3 of the lake was covered by a fissured black skin. Nyiragongo's lava lake has at times been the most voluminous known lava lake in recent history. Because of poor atmospheric conditions, no helicopter flights were organized. During 12-13 July a multidisciplinary team of OVG scientists visited the volcano to take measurements of the crater using a TCRM1102 Plus2 laser. Residents of Kibati and Kibumba were greatly concerned the night of 27-28 November due to visible glimmer that appeared be coming toward them from Nyiragongo. Clicking on the small images will load the full 300 dpi map. Strong degassing also occurred from the edges of the lava lake, the 2016 hornito, and along the southern fracture zone. Sawyer and others (2008) discuss the composition and flux of gas from Nyiragongo by ground-based remote-sensing techniques during mid-2005 through mid-2007. Measurements could not be taken of the depth of the lava lake surface because the atmosphere was clouded by the gas plume. For example, Goma residents felt an M 4 tectonic earthquake with a 13 km focal depth on 13 December. Sources: Agence France-Presse (AFP); Agence France-Presse (AFP); Agence France-Presse (AFP); Washington Post; Reuters; GeoRiskA; IGIHE; Simon Carn. Africa and the Red Sea. Information Contacts: Kavotha Kalendi Sadaka, Celestin Kasereka, Jean-Pierre Bajope, Mathieu Yalire, and Paolo Papale, Goma Volcano Observatory, Departement de Geophysique, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, D.S. However, tremor activity increased significantly at 2355 later that same day. /3. The Alert Level remained at Yellow. Some individual shocks were recorded around the SW flank of Nyiragongo. On 26 and 27 June, two 5-10 m-high lava fountains were observed at the bottom of the crater. Lava flows there were voluminous, aa-type, and 1-2 m thick, that cascaded down a significant sector of the volcano (figure 17). Niragongo | Ninagongo | Kirunge Cha Niragongo | Kirunge Ya Gongo | Kirungu Tscha Gongo | Kirungu Tscha Gongwe | Kirungo Cha Gongo | Revire Nganga | Graf Gotzen Krater | Kirunga Cha Nina Gongo | Niragonwe, WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. % nearby. The Alert Level remained at Yellow. Health care centers were provided with medication, and all health care has been free thus far. Tremor recorded from 8 November until 18 January (figure 6) revealed a change in mid-December from active periods of 4-6 days to more frequent active periods lasting 1-2 days. | December Its proximal section was located about mid-way up the S flank of the volcano (in the vicinity of the Shaheru-Djoga cinder cones and 1977 S-flank fissure) and the distal section was directly over Goma. When the volcano's lava lake drained in 1977, 22 x 106 m3 were emitted. MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data showed frequent and strong thermal anomalies into late May 2021 before significantly decreasing (figure 79). Emissions and thermal anomalies. The Alert Level for the nearby city of Goma remained at Yellow. At that time the crater was estimated to be 800-1,000 m in diameter. Max VEI: 1, List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Southern pit, [ 1908 Dec 1 ± 30 days ] [14], Within 30 minutes, the lava lake had emptied, flowing north, south, and west of the volcano. Observations of the crater area on 9 and 10 December revealed that the level of the lava lake remained stable in comparison to previous visits and that strong lava fountaining was present. Authorities in Goma reported that more than 150,000 people remained there during the peak of the lava flow activity. Lava lake activity resumed in June 1982, but had ceased by early 1983. Suddenly, in mid-April the activity ceased for a couple of weeks; the spatter cone disappeared leaving only a much smaller hole located farther towards the N crater wall; inside the hole a solid crust covered the floor. During 28-29 May GeoRiskA reported that seismicity began to decrease and continued a downward trend at least through 1 June; both the seismic data and GPS data indicated that the dike was no longer propagating. Lage: 1.52 S, 29.25 E, Kongo Höhe: 3469 m Art: Stratovulkan Typ: Kontinantaler Riftvulkan Petrographie: Basalt . Mount Nyiragongo, active volcano in the Virunga Mountains of east-central Africa. Because of thermal radiance from its lava lake, MODVOLC alerts were frequent for years, through October 2010, centered over the crater. Januar 2002 begann ein großer Vulkanausbruch. Using an average radius of 400 m for the crater, they calculated an average magma-supply rate of 1.3 x 105 m3/day (1.5 m3/s). Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports. In the end, one of the flows passed completely through Goma to enter Lake Kivu and proceeded to build a lava delta. The persistence of numerous LP events and sequences of tremor after the eruption raised concerns about the possibility of continuing magma intrusions and phreato-magmatic eruptions inside the summit crater. Observations of the crater area on 9 and 10 December revealed that the level of the lava lake remained stable compared to previous visits and that strong lava fountaining was present. As noted in BGVN 35:09, a 14-24 June 2010 expedition into the crater showed that Nyiragongo's lava lake was continuously active and had risen since the last extensive eruption that inundated central Goma in January 2002. [17], Stratovulkan in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo. The height was estimated as 100 m above the crater floor. On 22 November a narrow SW-drifting plume was discerned on satellite imagery at 5 km altitude. [24] Lava approached the Goma airport and moved towards the city centre of eastern Goma. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Metro, Mass Transit Media, Gallery Ravenstein 4, 1000 Brussels, Belgium (URL: https://fr.metrotime.be/). References. The MODVOLC thermal algorithm detected a total of 97 anomalies in the summit crater, a majority of which were detected during January. On 24 May at 1037 an Mw 5.1 earthquake was detected beneath Lake Kivu. In collaboration with Halbwachs, these measurements were performed by two limnologists: Klaus Tietze (PDT GmbH, Celle, Germany) and Andreas Lorke (EAWAG Laboratory, Lucerne, Switzerland). New details on eruption; lava lake rise slows. At 0910 on 24 January a dense cloud was visible above the volcano. According to NASA's Earth Observatory, a satellite image acquired on 29 January showed a gas-and-steam plume rising from Nyiragongo. Wauthier, C., V. Cayol, F. Kervyn, and N. d'Oreye, 2012. Ash plume witnessed during a helicopter flight around early May up to 5-6 km above sea level. The human side of January 2002 volcanism and the 24 October earthquake. 2005: September A nearly daily record of thermal alerts identified from the MODIS Agua and Terra satellite sensors has been generated by MODVOLC since 2002; the MODVOLC and MIROVA systems recorded nearly daily thermal anomalies during 2015 and at least through December 2016. The ambient ground temperature in this area is normally 5-9°C, but was measured to be 28°C. Mid-January 2002 lavas bury ~ 4.5 km2 of Goma's city center. Early that morning the French Army flew USGS and French volcanologists to the summit. Sci. Below the tube, however, intricate individual lava flows had formed a long delta. The eruption apparently was not preceded or accompanied by noticeable seismic activity. New vent in crater, February 2016. A 13 February GVO report said that for four consecutive days, Pele's hair fell in Goma, 17 km SSW. Thermal anomalies show that lava lake remains active through May 2018. Lava lake remains active and rising; recent seismicity, Card 1163 (30 March 1971) Lava lake remains active and rising; recent seismicity. The fog lifted around 0100 on 7 May; at this time viewers saw a small narrow lava flow in the southern inner wall adjacent the active pit's margin ~200 m above the crater floor. A glowing red fissure that averaged about 30 cm wide and 20 cm deep ringed the lake ~2 m from its edge, emitting gases. Thonnard, R.L.G., Denaeyer, M-E., and Antun, P., 1965, Carte volcanologique des Virunga (1/50000), Afrique Central, Feuile No. A report from the UN and USAID/OFDA on 23 January estimated that 147 people were killed because of lava flows and seismically induced building collapses.
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